ko ngā akoranga o te Ngaru Kōrea mō te whakarauoratanga o te reo
- Written by Rachael Ka'ai-Mahuta, Senior Lecturer in Māori Language Revitalisation, Auckland University of Technology
Editor’s note: This article marks Māori Language Week/Te Wiki o te Reo Māori. You can read the full article in English here.
Nō te tīmatanga o tēnei tau, i tūtaki au ki tētahi tangata nō Tāmaki-makau-rau, nā tōna ngākaunui ki te ao K-pop i a ia e taitamariki ana i tipu ai te aroha ki te reo me te ahurea Kōrea, nāwai nāwai ka tahuri ia ki te ako i te reo Kōrea hei reo tuarua.
Nā konā taku whakaaro he aha ētahi akoranga hei tautoko i te whakarauoratanga o te reo Māori. Inarā, i runga anō i te hiranga o ngā taitamariki i aua mahi whakarauora, he aha ngā akoranga o te āhuatanga e kīia nei ko te “Ngaru Kōrea” me tana whakararu i te reo Pākehā hei reo matua i te ahurea o te marea?
Kua tīmatahia kētia ngā mahi o tēnei kaupapa. Ko te iho o tā Tākuta Hinurewa Poutu rangahau Kairangi o te tau 2015, ko te āta waihanga i ētahi kaupapa kia kite ai te rangatahi i te “pārekareka” o te reo Māori.
Hei tāna i taua wā:
Mātua whakamahi ai te reo Pākehā i ngā wā o te whakahoahoa, i te mea kāore he nui ngā wā e rongo ai i te reo Māori i ngā wā whakahoahoa, te ako rānei i ngā kīanga Māori o te pahupahu ki ō hoa, o te whakaipoipo, me te tākaro. Mō te nuinga o ngā tamariki, ka kōrerotia te reo Māori i ngā wā ōkawa anake.
Kia pārekareka te reo Māori
Ka hipa te rima tau, e kawe ana a Te Ipukarea o AUT i tētahi kaupapa rangahau me te pātai me pēhea e kaha ake ai te taunaki o te reo Māori i te oranga o te rangatahi. He kaupapa tēnei i tautokona e te pūtea o Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga, ko tōna ariā, ko te reo o te taiohi te tūāpapa o te reo ōpaki o te pakeke.
Arā, ko te reo ōpaki o te whakahoahoa, o te whakakatakata, o te whakaipoipo, o ngā kare ā-roto, me te hauora hinengaro, te kaiwhakamahere i te reo pakeke o ia rā.
Ko Maimoa tētahi kāhui kaiwaiata rangatahi “kua whakakotahi ki te whakawhānui i te puna waiata Māori”.E whakaatu ana ā mātou kitenga tuatahi i te hiranga rautaki o te reanga rangatahi i ngā kaupapa whakarauora i te reo Māori. Ko te taitamariki he reanga whakatau he aha te haere - nā reira, he pānga nui a rātou (me te whakaaweawetia nuitia o rātou) ki te wāriu matawhānui o te reo Māori, arā, ki tōna mana.
Heoi anō, e whakaatu ana ngā hua o tētahi atu rangahau o Te Ipukarea, inā te ngōuruuru o ngā rauemi reo Māori me ngā kaupapa reo Māori (ngā pakimaero, ngā hōtaka pouaka whakaata, ngā waiata, ngā kēmu) e hāngai ana ki tēnei reanga.
Read more: K-pop fans are creative, dedicated and social - we should take them seriously
Ka tino kitea tēnei i te wā ka whakataurite ki ngā rauemi o te reanga tamariki, arā, o ngā ākonga kōhungahunga.
I a tātou e whakaaro ana, he aha i kīia ai tētahi mea he mea “pārekareka”, nā, mārama ana te kite i te whakaaweawe o te ao ngahau, o ngā pae pāho pāpori, me te ahurea o te marea, i ngā rangatahi. Nō taku tūtakitanga ki te pia reo Kōrea, aroha nui ki te K-pop, i tīmata ai au ki te whakaaro ka pēhea te kaupapa whakarauora reo Māori whakaoho ai i taua reanga rā: arā, te rangatahi whakatau he aha te haere, whakatipu apataki whakamaimoa.
Te wero i te whakatuanuitanga o te reo Pākehā
E wero atu ana te Ngaru Kōrea i te whakatuanui o te reo Pākehā hei reo matua i te ao ahurea o te marea. Ko te rongonui o te K-pop, o ngā K-drama (he maha ngā hōtaka kua hokona e Netlix, he kaha hoki tā rātou tuku i te pūtea tautoko), me ngā kiriata pēnei i a Parasite (te kiriata whakaihuwaka ki ngā Oscars 2020, te kiriata “reo tauiwi” tuatahi ki te whakawhiwhia ki tēnei taonga), i waenga i ngā iwi atu i a Kōrea e whakaatu ana ehara te reo i te tauārai nui pēnei i ngā wā o mua.
Te kiriata whakaihuwaka ahakoa te reo: Ka toa a Parasite i te Oscar 2020.Kua hanumi noa ēnei momo whakangahau me te ahurea whānui o te marea. Hei tauira, tērā te rōpū Kōrea o BTS (e kīia ana i ētahi wā ko Bangtan Boys) - i tēnei wā tonu, ko rātou tētahi o ngā tino rōpū pao nui o te ao, he rite tonu tā rātou eke ki ngā taumata pao, me te poipoi i tētahi apataki whakahara ao whānui.
Read more: Māori loanwords in NZ English are less about meaning, more about identity
Ka taea e BTS te waiata ki te reo Pākehā, engari i te nuinga o te wā ko ā rātou waiata me ā rātou momo kaupapa pāpāho katoa (he hōtaka ngahau, he hōtaka tipi haere, he kiriata, he hōtaka o ngā mahi atu i ngā mahi o te atamira) ka waihanga ki te reo Kōrea. I tēnei tau i whakaputa i a rātou te rauemi Learn Korean with BTS, he tohu e whakaatu ana i te hāngai o te Ngaru Kōrea me te nui haere o te hunga e hiahia ana ki te ako i te reo Kōrea.
Te aro atu ki tētahi ngaru Māori hou
E ariari mai ana ngā rerekētanga o te reo Kōrea ki te reo Māori. Kei te whakamāui tonu te reo Māori, he reo ririki, engari te reo Kōrea, neke atu i te 50 miriona ngā kaikōrero ki Kōrea ki te Tonga anake.
Heoi anō, mehemea e whakakipakipatia ana te rangatahi o Aotearoa e te ahurea o te marea o Kōrea ki te ako i te reo Kōrea, mā te aha i te māramatanga ka ahu mai i ngā akoranga ka taea e te kaupapa whakarauora reo Māori te ako mai i te Ngaru Kōrea.
Read more: Kia ora: how Māori borrowings shape New Zealand English
Ko te Ngaru Kōrea anō te whakatinanatanga o te angitu o te rautaki matua i kōkiritia e te kāwanatanga o Kōrea ki te whakahorapa i tō rātou ahurea ki te ao me te whakakaha i tōna “mana whakaaweawe”. Inarā, ko te whāinga o Kōrea, kia tū ko rātou te ahurea pārekareka katoa huri noa i te ao.
Ki te whai haere i tērā whakaaro, me mātāmua te tautoko mārika o te waihanga rauemi reo Māori mō te ahurea o te marea, i roto i ngā mahere katoa kua whakaritea mō te whakapoapoa i te reanga taiohi.
Ko taku tumanako, tērā tētahi rā, ka rite tonu te eke o ngā waiata reo Māori ki ngā taumata pao, ka kī pohapoha taku rārangi Netflix ki ngā hōtaka reo Māori, ā, ka whakatairangatia, ka whakanuitia hoki tētahi kiriata reo Māori rite tonu ki te kiriata Kōrea, ki a Parasite.
Authors: Rachael Ka'ai-Mahuta, Senior Lecturer in Māori Language Revitalisation, Auckland University of Technology
